Invasive alien species (IAS) also present one of the major threats to islands’ biodiversity. Main threats and problems on Croatian islands include: littoralization (concentration of economic activities and population along the coast), lack of integrated coastal zone planning and management, illegal building, tourism and urban development (including infrastructure and recreational activities), depopulation (the most prominent process on some islands), land abandoning (abandoning of traditional extensive grazing and mowing), unsustainable fishing, poaching, inadequate use of speleological objects, untreated waste waters, fires etc. Although data on some groups of invertebrates on particular islands exist, general surveys on all Croatian islands have not been conducted yet. Invertebrates as a whole are poorly researched in Croatia. It is classified as Endangered in Red Book of Mammals of Croatia (Tvrtković (ed.) 2006).Ĭroatian islands present important nesting place for many endangered bird species as Cory's Shearwater ( Calonectris diomedea), Eleonora's Falcon ( Falco eleonorae), Griffon Vulture ( Gyps fulvus), Audouin's Gull ( Larus audouinii) and Little Tern ( Sterna albifrons).Īmong reptiles, the most interesting are 13 endemic taxa of Dalmatian wall lizard ( Podarcis melliselensis ), each restricted to a single island. europaea), which was found on the island of Cres and is considered to belong to a discrete taxon. Of the mammalians especially interesting is t he only island population of European mole ( Talpa cf. Regarding the vertebrate fauna, almost 200 species inhabit Croatian islands (Tvrtković (ed.) 1997). which are mostly confined to South-east Adriatic islets. Some of the narrow endemics include taxa from genera Asperula, Brassica, Centaurea, Limonium etc. On these islands there were 89 circum-Adriatic endemic and 35 narrow endemic plant taxa recorded. Plant species richness for all Croatian islands has been estimated to 1807 plant species on the basis of floristic study of 106 Croatian islands (Nikolić et al. The largest islands are Krk and Cres (405.78 km 2). The 30 largest Croatian islands cover as much as 92.2% of the total island area. Only 47 islands are inhabited, while 100 islands are considered to be occasionally inhabited. They all together represent just 5.8% of the Croatian territory, but they make up about 70% of the total Croatian coastline. Prepared by the State Institute for Nature Protection and the Ministry of Culture, Nature Protection Directorate, September 2009Įven though Croatia is not an island state, it has 1 185 islands which are geographically classified into 718 islands, 389 islets (peak above sea level) and 78 reefs (peak below sea level). Written cont ribution on island biodiversity in Croatia for the 1 st Meeting of the Bern Convention Group of Experts on European Island Biological Diversity, Spain (Canary Islands) / Espagne (Iles Canaries). The Directorate of Culture and of Cultural and Natural Heritageġ. ![]() Sur la Diversité biologique des Iles européennes Groupe d’experts de la Convention de Berne Strasbourg, 6 October 2009 T-PVS/Inf (2009) 12ĬONVENTION ON THE CONSERVATION OF EUROPEAN WILDLIFEīern Convention Group of Experts on European Islands Biological Diversity
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